Menschen im Weltraum. Statistik. Humans in space. Statistics. Человек в космосе. Статистика.
To date, 614 cosmonauts and astronauts have made orbital space flights. (69 more made suborbital space flights). Among 614 astronauts - 75 women . Citizens of 41 states (3 of them USSR, GDR and Czechoslovakia are no longer exist) made orbital space flights.

Growth in the number of astronauts over the years.

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 USA USSR/Russia Other China Altogether

1960196119621963196419651966196719681969
USA2(+2)5(+3)6(+1)6(+0)13(+7)19(+6) 19(+0)22(+3)24(+2)
USSR2(+2)4(+2)6(+2)9(+3)11(+2)11(+0) 11(+0)12(+1)21(+9)
Altogether4(+4)9(+5)12(+3)15(+3)24(+9)30(+6) 30(+0)34(+4)45(+11)

197019711972 1973197419751976197719781979
USA26(+2)30(+4)34(+4) 41(+7)41(+0)43(+2)43(+0)43(+0)43(+0)43(+0)
USSR22(+1)25(+3)25(+0)29(+4)32(+3)34(+2)38(+4) 42(+4)44(+2)45(+1)
Other 3(+3)4(+1)
Altogether48(+3)55(+7)59(+4)70(+11)73(+3)77(+4)81(+4) 85(+4)90(+5)92(+2)

 1980 19811982 1983198419851986198719881989
USA43(+0)46(+3)51(+5)65(+14)84(+19)116(+32)120(+4) 120(+0)122(+2)133(+11)
USSR49(+4)50(+1)53(+3)55(+2)58(+3)60(+2)60(+0) 64(+4)67(+3)67(+0)
Other7(+3)9(+2)10(+1)11(+1)13(+2)19(+6)19(+0) 20(+1)22(+2)22(+0)
Altogether 99(+7) 105(+6)114(+9)131(+17)155(+24)195(+40)199(+4) 204(+5)211(+7)222(+11)

199019911992 1993199419951996199719981999
USA146(+13)164(+18)177(+13)192(+15)202(+10)214(+12)221(+7) 231(+10)241(+10)244(+3)
Russia70(+3)71(+1)73(+2)75(+2)78(+3)81(+3)83(+2) 85(+2)88(+3)89(+1)
Other23(+1)26(+3)34(+8)37(+3)40(+3)42(+2)48(+6) 52(+4)55(+3)57(+2)
Altogether239(+17)261(+22)284(+23)304(+20)320(+16)337(+17)352(+15) 368(+16)384(+16)390(+6)

2000200120022003200420052006200720082009
USA248(+4)257(+9)268(+11)271(+3)272(+1)274(+2)284(+10) 294(+10)309(+15)328(+19)
Russia91(+2)94(+3)96(+2)96(+0)97(+1)97(+0)97(+0) 98(+1)100(+2)102(+2)
China1(+1)1(+0)3(+2)3(+0) 3(+0)6(+3)6(+0)
Other58(+1)58(+0)62(+4)63(+1)64(+1)65(+1)67(+2) 69(+2)71(+2)72(+1)
Altogether397(+7)409(+12)426(+17)431(+5)434(+3)439(+5)451(+12) 464(+13)486(+22)508(+22)

2010201120122013201420152016201720182019
USA332(+4)332(+0)332(+0)333(+1)334(+1)335(+1)336(+1) 339(+3)341(+2)345(+4)
Russia106(+4)110(+4)113(+3)115(+2)117(+2)117(+0)119(+2)119(+0) 120(+1)120(+0)
China6(+0)6(+0)8(+2)10(+2)10(+0)10(+0)11(+1) 11(+0)11(+0)11(+0)
Other73(+1)74(+1)74(+0)75(+1)77(+2)81(+4)83(+2) 84(+1)85(+1)86(+1)
Altogether517(+9)522(+5)527(+5)533(+6)538(+5)543(+5)549(+6) 553(+4)557(+4)562(+5)

2020202120222023202420252026202720282029
USA346(+1)352(+6)358(+6)362(+4)(+)(+)(+) (+)(+)(+)
Russia122(+2)125(+3)129(+4)132(+3)(+)(+)(+) (+)(+)(+)
China11(+0)13(+2)16(+3)20(+4)(+)(+)(+) (+)(+)(+)
Other86(+0)89(+3)91(+2)94(+3)(+)(+)(+) (+)(+)(+)
Altogether565(+3)579(+14)594(+15)608(+14)(+)(+)(+) (+)(+)(+)

Cumulative time in space.

Padalka

Until June 28, 2015, the russian cosmonaut Sergey Krikalev was a record holder in the total duration of stay in space. He committed six space flights, the total flight time was 19281 hours 39 minutes, or 803 days 9 hours 39 minutes or (approximately) 2 years 2.3 months. Sergey Krikalev was a member of two long-term crews at the Mir station, two long-term ISS crews ( ISS-1 and ISS-11 ), as well as made two flights on the American shuttles. June 28, 2015 Krikalev's record surpassed the Russian cosmonaut Gennady Padalka . In total, Padalka made five space flights with the cumulative duration amounted to 21083 hours 32 mituts (878 days 11 h 32 m).
On the second place is Yuri Malenchenko (827 d 9 h 24 m 22 s, 19857 h 24 m 22 s). The russian cosmonauts also have the third, fourth and fifth total space time. Sergey Krikalev (802 d 15 h 8 m 11 s, 19263 h 8 m 11 s), Alexander Kaleri (769 d 6 h 35 m 1 s, 18462 h 35 m 1 s) and Sergey Avdeev (747 d 14 h 14 m 1 s, 17942 h 14 m 1 s).
List of all cosmonauts and cosmonauts by cumulative time in space.
List of russian cosmonauts by cumulative time in space.

Cumulative time in space of astronauts excluding the USA and Russia.

reiter

Until December 2018, the largest total time of space flights among astronauts of third countries (excluding the United States and Russia) had German astronaut Thomas Reiter. He made 2 space flights, his total time in space is 8416 hours 28 minutes or 350 days 16 hours 28 minutes. In December 2018, Reiter’s time exceeded another German cosmonaut Alexander Gerst - his time is 362 d 1 h 50 m 7 s (8689 h 50 m 7 s). The Italian astronaut Luca Parmitano surpassed Gerst's time. After the completion of the second flight on February 6, 2020, the total time of Parmitano was 366 d 23 h 1 m 15 s (8807 h 1 m 15 s). French astronaut Thomas Pesquet surpassed the time of Parmitano. After the completion of the second flight on November 9, 2021, the total time of Pesquet was 396 d 11 h 34 m 25 s (9515 h 34 m 25 s). Japanese astronaut Koichi Wakata surpassed Pesquet's time. After the completion of the fifth flight on March 12, 2023 total time for Wakata was 504 d 18 h 33 m 4 s (12114 h 33 m 4 s).
Full list of non american and non russian astronauts by cumulative time in space.

The age of astronauts.

titov

titov

At the oldest age, the last (second) flight made John Glenn October 29, 1998 in the shuttle Discovery STS-95 at the age of 77 years 3 months 11 days. Storey Musgrave made his sixth space flight November 19, 1996 in the shuttle Columbia STS-80 at the age of 61 year 3 months.
The youngest female astronaut remains Valentina Tereshkova June 16, 1963 in the Vostok-6 at the age of 26 3 months 10 days. In the oldest age made a space flight Barbara Morgan August 8, 2007 in the shuttle Endeavour STS-118 at the age of 55 years 8 months 10 days.
Lists of astronauts by age: The first space flight at the age of less than 30 years was made by 13 cosmonauts. The first space flight at the age of more than 55 years was made by 10 astronauts.
How many astronauts made the first space flights at different ages:
  • 13 astronauts (2,1%) ≤ 30 years
  • 30 years < 65 astronauts (10,7%) ≤ 35 years
  • 35 years < 236 astronauts (38,8%) ≤ 40 years
  • 40 years < 183 astronauts (30,1%) ≤ 45 years
  • 45 years < 81 astronauts (13,3%) ≤ 50 years
  • 50 years < 20 astronauts (3,3%) ≤ 55 years
  • 55 years < 10 astronauts (1,6%)

Increasing the duration of space flight.

fincke

Yuri Gagarin made the first space flight on April 12, 1961 on a spacecraft Vostok lasting 1 hour 48 minutes. The first daily flight was made by a Soviet cosmonaut German Titov on a spacecraft Vostok-2August 6-7, 1961. The first space flight lasting more than a week was made by American astronauts Charles Conrad and Gordon Cooper on the spacecraft Gemini 5 from 21 to 29 August 1965. Second crew of the US space station Skylab Alan Bean, Owen Garriott and Jack Lousma spent in space for almost two months from July 28 to September 25, 1973. Soviet cosmonauts Vladimir Kovalenok and Alexander Ivanchenkov spent more than 100 days in space at Salyut 6 from June 15 to November 2, 1978. Soviet cosmonauts Anatoly Berezovoy and Valentin Lebedev spent in space at station Salyut 7 from May 13 to December 10, 1982, more than 200 days. Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Romanenko spent in space at Mir station from February 5 to December 29, 1987 more than 300 days. The first annual space flight was made by cosmonauts Vladimir Titov and Musa Manarov at Mir station from December 21, 1987 to December 21, 1988. The longest space flight made cosmonaut Valery Polyakov at Mir station from January 8, 1994 to March 22, 1995. Polyakova’s flight lasted 437 days 17 hours 58 minutes.

Number of astronauts in space at the same time.

The first manned flight into space took place in 1961. Already in 1962, two astronauts went into space at the same time. They were Andrian Nikolaev on the spacecraft Vostok 3 and Pavel Popovich on the spacecraft Vostok 4. In 1964, a crew of three cosmonauts went into space on the spacecraft Voskhod : Vladimir Komarov, Konstantin Feoktistov and Boris Egorov.

In 1965, there were already four American astronauts in space Frank Borman with James Lovell on the spacecraft Gemini 7 and Walter Schirra with Thomas Stafford on Gemini 6A. In October 1969, there were three spacecrafts in space at the same time Soyuz 6, Soyuz 7 and Soyuz 8 and seven cosmonauts: Georgy Shonin, Valery Kubasov, Anatoly Filipchenko, Vladislav Volkov, Viktor Gorbatko, Vladimir Shatalov and Alexey Yeliseyev.

In the eighties, multi-seat American shuttles began to fly, in the crew of which up to 8 astronauts flew into space at the same time. In February 1984, three Russian cosmonauts Vladimir Solovyov were at the Salyut 7 station, Leonid Kizim and Oleg Atkov. At the same time in space there was a shuttle Challenger STS-41B in the crew of which there were five astronauts Vance Brand, Robert Gibson, Bruce McCandless, Ronald McNair and Robert Stewart. There are 8 people in space at the same time.

In April 1984, there were 11 cosmonauts in space at the same time: 6 cosmonauts Vladimir Solovyov, Leonid Kizim, Oleg Atkov, Yuri Malyshev, Gennady Strekalov and Rakesh Sharma at the Salyut station 7 and 5 astronauts in the shuttle crew Challenger STS-41C: Robert Crippen, Francis Scobee, George Nelson, James van Hooften and Terry Hart.

In December 1990, there were 12 cosmonauts in space at the same time: 5 cosmonauts Gennady Manakov, Gennady Strekalov, Viktor Afanasyev, Musa Manarov and Toyohiro Akiyama at Mir station and 7 astronauts in the shuttle crew Columbia STS-35: Vance Brand, Guy Gardner, Jeffrey Hoffman, John Lounge, Robert Parker, Samuel Durrance and Ronald Parise. Until 1995, there were twelve astronauts in space three more times. and astronauts at the same time.

In March 1995, there were 13 cosmonauts in space at the same time: 6 cosmonauts Alexander Viktorenko, Elena Kondakova, Valery Polyakov, Vladimir Dezhurov, Gennady Strekalov and Norman Thagardat Mir station and 7 astronauts in the shuttle Endeavour STS-67 crew: William Gregory, Steven Oswald, Tamara Jernigan, John Grunsfeld, Wendy Lawrence, Ronald Parise and Samuel Durrance. Until 2010, seven more times in space there were thirteen cosmonauts and astronauts at the same time. Shuttle flights ceased in 2011.

In 2020, the first manned flight Dragon took place, in which a crew of four astronauts flies. Since 2021, two stations have been in space at the same time. The flight of the international space station continues, and the flight of the Chinese space station Tiangong, on which astronauts have been constantly located since June 2022. In September 2021, 14 cosmonauts and astronauts were in space at the same time. The ISS had a crew of seven astronauts and astronauts: Oleg Novitsky, Pyotr Dubrov, Mark Vandehei, Robert Kimbrough, Megan McArthur, Tom Pesquet and Akihiko Hoshide. There were three astronauts at the Chinese station: Nie Haisheng, Liu Boming and Tang Hongbo. Four astronauts joined them in space on September 16 the first fully private crew on the ship Dragon: Jared Isaacman, Sian Proctor, Hayley Arceneaux and Christopher Sembroski. Later, there were 14 cosmonauts and astronauts in space three more times.

On May 30-31, 2023, 17 people were simultaneously in space for 25 hours. There were 7 ISS crew members and four Ax-2 private crew astronauts on the ISS: Sergey Prokopyev, Dmitry Petelin, Francisco Rubio, Stephen Bowen, Warren Hoburg, Sultan al-Neyadi, Andrey Fedyaev, Peggy Whitson, John Schoffner, Ali al-Qarni and Ryan Barnawi. At the same time, a crew change was taking place at the Chinese station. Departure Crew: Fei Junlong, Deng Qingming, Zhang Lu and the next crew Jing Haipeng, Zhu Yangzhu and Gui Haichao.

Number of astronauts in space at the same time.

Foreign cosmonauts on Russian spacecrafts.

Foreign astronauts on American spacecrafts.

thagart

At the end of the 70s, as part of the Intercosmos program, flights of cosmonauts from socialist countries began together with Soviet cosmonauts on Soyuz spacecraft and to the Salyut-6 orbital station. The first cosmonaut not from the USSR or the USA was Vladimir Remek from Czechoslovakia, who on March 2, 1978 went to the Salyut-6 station on the spacecraft Soyuz 28.

fincke

The first foreigner to go into space on November 28, 1983 on an American space shuttle - Columbia STS-9 - was an astronaut from West Germany Ulf Merbold.

50 foreign cosmonauts made the first space flight on Russian spacecraft. 9 of them made two flights on Russian ships. 9 of them later also flew on American spacecrafts.

44 foreign astronauts made the first space flight on American spacecraft. 8 of them later also flew on Russian spacecrafts.


Astronauts from other countries who made the first flight on American spacecraft.
Astronauts from other countries who made the first flight on Russian spacecraft.
Astronauts from other countries who flew on Russian and American spacecraft.

Total time in space of American astronauts.

Kelly

The largest total time in a space among American astronauts until April 16 2008 had

Whitson

Michael Foale . He made 6 space missions, his total time in space was 8976 hours 19 minutes or 373 days 23 hours 19 minutes. April 16, 2008, Michael Foale's record surpassed Peggy Whitson, who participated in two long-term Expeditions ISS-5 and ISS-16. Peggy Whitson’s total time in space was 9,041 hours 22 minutes. (376 days 17 h 22 m). May 27, 2011 Whitson improved time of Michael Fincke . After the third spaceflight on the shuttle Endeavour STS-134 Fincke's total time was 9159 hours 10 minutes (381 days 15 hours 10 minutes). October 15, 2015, Fincke's time surpassed Scott Kelly. After almost a year's flight, Scott Kelly returned on the earth on March 2, 2016. After four Kelly's flight his time was 520 days 10 hours 34 minutes. August 24, 2016 Kelly record surpassed Jeffrey Williams . Williams returned on the earth On September 7, 2016, his total time in space was 534 days 2 h 49 m. After the third flight from November 17, 2016 to September 3, 2017 Peggy Whitson regained the American record: 665 d 22 h 22 m 58 s (15982 h 22 m 58 s), this is the tenth place among all astronauts.
Full list of american astronauts by cumulative time in space.

How many times astronauts fly.

fincke

American astronaut Gordon Cooper August 21, 1965 launched into space in Gemini 5. It was the second space flight of Cooper, the first he made on May 15, 1963 in Fight 7. Gordon Cooper became the first astronaut twice flying into space. Astronaut Walter Schirra first flew into space three times: first flight - October 3, 1962 in Sigma 7, the second - December 15, 1965 in Gemini 6A, third October 11, 1968 in Apollo 7.

fincke

Astronaut James Lovell first flew four times into space: the first flight - December 4, 1965 in Gemini 7, the second - November 11, 1966 in Gemini 12, the third - December 21, 1968 in Apollo 8, fourth - April 11, 1970 in Apollo 13. The first astronaut to complete the fifth and sixth space flights, became John Young: first flight - March 23, 1965 in Gemini 3, the second - July 18, 1966 in Gemini 10, the third - May 18, 1969 in Apollo 10, Fourth - April 16, 1972 in Apollo 16, the fifth - April 12, 1981 in the shuttle Columbia STS-1, Sixth - November 28, 1983 in the shuttle Columbia STS-9.

fincke

Among Soviet cosmonauts, the first to launch twice into space was Vladimir Komarov. Second Flight (April 23, 1967) Komarov was simultaneously the first manned flight of the spacecraft Soyuz. By landing Komarov was killed. First three space flights cosmonauts performed simultaneously Vladimir Shatalov and Alexey Yeliseyev, who started in the crew of the Soyuz 10 on April 23, 1971. Vladimir Dzhanibekov the first of the Soviet cosmonauts made the fourth (July 17, 1984 in Soyuz T-12) and the fifth space flight (June 6, 1985 in Soyuz T-13). The first six space flights among Soviet cosmonauts made

fincke

Sergey Krikalev - the sixth flight on April 15, 2005 in Soyuz TMA-6. Currently only two astronauts made seven space flights. First did it Jerry Ross April 8, 2002 in the shuttle Atlantis STS-110. The second is Franklin Chang-Diaz June 5, 2002 on the shuttle Endeavour STS-111. A complete list of astronauts and astronauts committed

fincke

Among the women of the first two space flights made the Soviet cosmonaut Svetlana Savitskaya. The second became American astronaut Sally Raid. Three and more space flights among women made only American astronauts. The first three, four and five flights made Shannon Lucid. Currently, six women flew into space five times. Full list of women astronauts committed

The longest flights.

fincke

The Russian cosmonaut Valery Polyakov made the longest space flight from January 8, 1994 to March 22, 1995. Polyakov went into space in Soyuz TM-18 spent more than a year on Mir station and returned on the earth in Soyuz TM-20. Its flight duration: 437 days 17 hours 59 minutes (10505 hours 59 minutes). Three more astronauts made space flights lasting more than one year: Sergey Avdeyev (379 d 14 h 51 m), Vladimir Titov and Musa Manarov (365 d 22 h 39 m ). Seven more astronauts made space flights lasting more than 300 days.
The longest space flight among American astronauts made Mark Vande Hei (355 d 3 h 45 m 20 s, 8523 h 45 m 20 s).
The longest space flight among astronauts not from Russia and not from the USA was made by an astronaut from Canada David Saint-Jacques (203 d 15 h 17 m, 4887 h 17 m).
The longest space flight among women - astronauts was made by the US astronaut Christina Koch (328 d 13 h 58 m, 7885 h 58 m).
The list of cosmonauts and astronauts by the duration of the space flight:

The longest first flights.

fincke

Soviet cosmonaut Musa Manarov made his first flight from December 21, 1987 to December 21, 1988, together with Vladimir Titov. They started on the Soyuz TM-4 and landed on the Soyuz TM-6 and spent a year at the Mir station. For Vladimir Titov, this was the second space flight. This flight of Musa Manarov is still the longest flight for beginners. The second longest rookie space flight was by russian cosmonaut Pyotr Dubrov - 355 d 3 h 45 m 20 s (8523 h 45 m 20 s). The third longest space flight for beginners was made by the american astronaut Christina Koch - 328 days 13 hours 58 minutes (7885 hours 58 minutes).

fincke

The longest female novice spaceflight was by Christina Koch, an American astronaut 328 days 13 hours 58 minutes (7885 hours 58 minutes). Her flight is also the longest rookie flight of any American astronaut.

The longest novice space flight among non-Russian and non-US astronauts was made by an astronaut from Canada David Saint-Jacques: 203 days 15 hours 17 minutes (4887 hours 17 minutes).

Deng Qingming and Zhang Lu made the longest rookie space flight among Chinese astronauts: 186 d 7 h 25 m (4471 h 25 m).

List of cosmonauts and astronauts by duration of the first space flight:


American astronauts on Russian spacecrafts.

Russian cosmonauts on American spacecrafts.

fincke

In 1993, Russia and the United States entered into an agreement on the joint Mir-Shuttle program. The program provided that American astronauts would be part of the long-term crews of the Mir station, and Russian cosmonauts would fly to the Mir station on American shuttles. The first American astronaut to fly to the Mir station on the Soyuz spacecraft in 1994 was Norman Thagard. The first Russian cosmonaut to fly on the shuttle in 1994 was Sergey Krikalev. Until the end of the 90s, 11 shuttle flights were carried out under the Mir-Shuttle program, including one shuttle rendezvous with the Mir station and 9 dockings with the Mir station. A total of 104 cosmonauts visited the Mir station, including 40 USSR/Russian cosmonauts and 44 US astronauts.

fincke

In 2000, the first ISS crew departed for the station on the Soyuz TM-31 spacecraft. William Shepherd became the second American astronaut to fly on the Soyuz spacecraft. Subsequent crews flew to the ISS on American shuttles, including Russian cosmonauts. This continued until 2003, when the space shuttle Columbia crashed. Subsequently, cosmonauts and astronauts flew to the ISS on Soyuz spacecraft. Since 2021, American astronauts began flying on Crew Dragon spacecraft. Since 2022, NASA and Roscosmos have entered into an agreement on cross-flights. The crews of the Soyuz ships include one American astronaut, and the crews of the Crew Dragon ships include one Russian cosmonaut.

To date, 52 American NASA astronauts have flown on Soyuz spacecraft, of which 7 astronauts made two flights, Jeffrey Williams made 3 flights. In addition, 5 American space tourists flew on Soyuz spacecraft at their own expense. Charles Simonyi made two flights.

21 Russian cosmonauts flew on American shuttles and Crew Dragons. 4 Russian cosmonauts made two flights.

Russian cosmonauts on American spacecrafts
American astronauts on Russian spacecrafts
Russian cosmonauts who made the first flight on American spacecraft
NASA astronauts who made the first flight on Russian spacecraft
Russian cosmonauts who have flown only on American spacecraft
NASA astronauts who have flown only on Russian spacecraft

Soyuz TMA-13.

fincke

October 12, 2009 in space on the ship Soyuz TMA-13 ” launched another expedition ISS-18 . The commander of the ISS-18 is an American astronaut Michael Fincke. Michael Fincke flew the second time in space on the Russian ship Soyuz. He became the first American astronaut to fly twice in space on the Soyuz ships. After two flights aboard the Soyuz, Michael Fink made the third flight on the shuttle Endeavour STS-134 . After this flight, Fink became the champion in terms of the total duration of space flights from American astronauts. He made the first space flight on a Soyuz TMA-4 spacecraft.

Charles Simonyi.

Simonyi

American programmer and entrepreneur Charles Simonyi from March 26 to April 8, 2009 on the ship Soyuz TMA-14 made a second space flight. Simonyi became the first astronaut to commit two space flights at their own expense. The first flight he made in April 2007 on a ship Soyuz TMA-10 , he paid 20 million dollars. For the second, on the ship Soyuz TMA-14 - 35 million dollars.